ICSE Chief Seattle

 

Chief Seattle

1 Who was Chief Seatle? What kind of influence did he have?

Ans. Chief Seatle who was an important figure in the early American History, was the Chief of Suquamish and Duwamish tribes. He had been fighting for the rights of his native people in the face of American colonisers. He had marvellous influence. He ruled his loyal subjects with kindness and paternal benignity.

2. What kind of sight was there when Seatle delivered his speech?

Ans. The bay swarmed with canoes and the shoes was lined with a living mass of swaying, writing, dusky humanity, until old Chief’s Seatle’s trumpet-toned voice rolled over the immense multitude, like the startling reveille of a bass drum, when silence became as instantaneous and perfect as that which follows a clap of thunder from a clean sky.

3.Why was Seattle reluctant in accepting the offer?

Ans. As an old Chief who had seen natives killed, he reluctantly accepted the offer, since he believed, turning it down will only results in the total annihilation.

4. What kind of speech did Seattle deliver? What did it show?

Ans Seattle delivered a long and heart moving speech in response to Government Steven’s proposal of buying natives’ land. It shows him as a true patriot who wished to preserve the native Americans’ land rights. He demonstrated that he had reverence for the native Americans’ way of life.

5. How do we come to know that his way of life was guided by humanitarian principles?

Ans. Seattles’ way of life was guided by humanitarian principles rather than destructive principles. He wished to promote human welfare and therefore did not promote war. He spoke of war painfully and thus hoped that Native Americans and the Whites would never turn hostile to each other.

6. Why does the speaker say ‘tomorrow it may be overcast with clouds’?

Ans. Chief Seattle, just after opening his speech commented this about the future of his people, the red Indians the tribal Americans. He talks about the possible untimely destruction of the red people. ‘Overcast with cloud’ refers to the uncertainty that looms large over the future existence of his tribe.

7. Explain the following: ‘Yonder sky that has swept tears of compassion upon my people for centuries untold.’

Ans. Chief Seattle says that nature has sympathised with his people for many centuries, but now the circumstances may change with the advent of the whit colonisers.

 

 

1.    How much are Seattle’s words reliable as far as the Great Chief is concerned?

Ans. Seattle’s words are like the stars that never change. The Great Chief at Washington can rely upon his words with as much certainty as he can upon the return of the sun or the seasons.

2.    When and where did Chief Seattle deliver his speech?

Ans. Even the date and location of the speech has been disputed, but the most common version is that on March 11, 1854, Seattle gave a speech at a long outdoor gathering in Seattle. His speech was given to his people, when

Americans colonisers wanted to buy native land of his tribe and in return offered them amnesty and the right to live there.

 

 

 

 

 

 

ISC DO AS DIRECTED

 

Do as Directed

 

Rewrite the following sentences according to the instructions given after each, and making other changes that may be necessary.

 

1. It is probable that he will never come back. (Begin: In …)

2. He said to me, ‘Where are you going?’ (Begin: He asked me …)

3. As soon as the chief guest had arrived the play began. (Begin: No sooner ….)

4. I was surprised at his behaviour. (Begin: His …)

5. He will certainly succeed. (Begin: He is …)

6. He is the best student in the class. (Use better instead of best)

7. He is too weak to stand up without help.

8. He tucked the gun under his arm and rushed towards the bridge. (End: … his arm.)

9. We were late. Consequently, we missed the train. (Rewrite with as or since)

10. Though I had a headache I enjoyed the movie. (Rewrite with in spite of)

11. The meeting had to be postponed due to the chairman’s illness. (Rewrite with because)

12. If we don’t hurry up, we will miss our flight. (Rewrite with otherwise)

13. After John arrived, we began our meeting. (Rewrite with upon)

14. It was cold but we went swimming. (Rewrite with although)

15. The tea was so hot that I could not drink it. (Change into a simple sentence)

16. He is too arrogant to listen to advice. (Change into a complex sentence)

17. He worked hard that he might pass the examination. (Change into a simple sentence)

18. He is too stupid to handle such a difficult situation. (Remove too)

19. John is the tallest boy in the class. (Use the comparative form of the adjective)

20. I could not do it even if I tried. (Change into a simple sentence)

21. No sooner did I hear the gunshot than I rushed to the spot. (Rewrite using as soon as.)

22. Hardly had I solved one problem when another cropped up. (Rewrite using no sooner …than)

23. Only trained graduates need to apply. (Use none instead of only)

24. Work hard or you will fail. (Change into a complex sentence)

 

 

Answers

1. In all probability he will never come back.

2. He asked me where I was going.

3. No sooner had the chief guest arrived than the play began.

4. His behaviour surprised me.

5. He is certain to succeed.

6. He is better than any other student in the class.

7. He is so weak that he cannot stand up without help.

8. He rushed towards the bridge with the gun tucked under his arm.

9. As we were late we missed the train. / Since we were late, we missed the train.

10. In spite of having a headache I enjoyed the movie.

11. The meeting had to be postponed because the chairman was ill.

12. We must hurry up. Otherwise, we will miss the flight.

13. Upon John’s arrival, we began our meeting.

14. Although it was cold, we went swimming.

15. The tea was too hot for me to drink.

16. He is so arrogant that he will not listen to advice.

17. He worked hard to pass the examination.

18. He is so stupid that he cannot handle such a situation.

19. John is taller than any other boy in the class.

20. Despite trying, I could not do it.

21. As soon as I heard the gunshot I rushed to the spot.

22. No sooner had I solved one problem than another cropped up.

23. None but trained graduates need to apply.

24. If you do not work hard, you will fail. 

 

John Brown WRITTEN BY: BOB DYLAN

 

John Brown

WRITTEN BY: BOB DYLAN

John Brown went off to war to fight on a foreign shore

His mama sure was proud of him!

He stood straight and tall in his uniform and all

His mama’s face broke out all in a grin

 

Reference to the context: These lines have been extracted from Bob Dylan’s anti-war poem ‘John Brown’. Dylan presents an antimilitarist theme, the tale of an innocent sent off to war to fight on a foreign shore. The poem portrays the futility of wars. It was written in Dylan's protest song period. As a song, it was recorded for the first time in February 1963 at ' Broadside Records', New York City. 

In the above lines, the poet begins the poem on a dramatic note introducing the characters and their profession. 

Explanation: The poet begins the tale abruptly without any proper introduction. John Brown went off to war in an alien country. No details of the war are mentioned. The young soldier's proud mother dispatches him with the advice to obey the captain and win medals. She desired to see him dressed in uniform and winning laurels in the war. John Brown looked very respectable when dressed in the uniform and brought a smile onto his mother's face. She felt as if her dream has come true.

“Oh son, you look so fine, I’m glad you’re a son of mine

You make me proud to know you hold a gun

Do what the captain says, lots of medals you will get

And we’ll put them on the wall when you come home”

Reference to the context: These lines have been extracted from Bob Dylan’s anti-war poem ‘John Brown’. Dylan presents an antimilitarist theme, the tale of an innocent sent off to war to fight on a foreign shore. The poem portrays the futility of wars. It was written in Dylan's protest song period. As a song, it was recorded for the first time in February 1963 at ' Broadside Records', New York City. 

In the above lines, the mother's sense of pride and relation is revealed. She advises him to follow his superior's orders and win lots of medals. 

Explanation: The mother appreciates the son as charming and handsome in his uniform. She even expresses her pride in watching him holding the gun. She exhorts him to obey his Captain and win lots of medals. She said that she would display the medals on the wall when he returned home victorious. She only desired fame and glory overlooking the dangers and destruction of war.

As that old train pulled out, John’s ma began to shout

Tellin’ ev’ryone in the neighborhood:

“That’s my son that’s about to go, he’s a soldier now, you know”

She made well sure her neighbors understood

Reference to the context: These lines have been extracted from Bob Dylan’s anti-war poem ‘John Brown’. Dylan presents an antimilitarist theme, the tale of an innocent sent off to war to fight on a foreign shore. The poem portrays the futility of wars. It was written in Dylan's protest song period. As a song, it was recorded for the first time in February 1963 at ' Broadside Records', New York City. 

In the above lines, John Brown's brags about his being a soldier. She did not keep her pride but happiness to herself but shared it with her neighbours.

Explanation: As John Brown is going away to war in an old train, his mother is shouting out farewell to him. Her shouts bidding adieu is of pride. She is flaunting and boasting and wants everyone to know that her son is a soldier and that he is going away to fight in the war. She ensured that her neighbours knew it perfectly well. She is afflicted by a false sense of pride. She wants to announce to one and all that her dream to see her son as a soldier has been accompanied. Her son would surely bring back fame and glory to all.

She got a letter once in a while and her face broke into a smile

As she showed them to the people from next door

And she bragged about her son with his uniform and gun

And these things you called a good old-fashioned war

Reference to the context: These lines have been extracted from Bob Dylan’s anti-war poem ‘John Brown’. Dylan presents an antimilitarist theme, the tale of an innocent sent off to war to fight on a foreign shore. The poem portrays the futility of wars. It was written in Dylan's protest song period. As a song, it was recorded for the first time in February 1963 at ' Broadside Records', New York City. 

In the above lines, The mother boasts about her son receiving his letter. She even criticized those who called war old-fashioned.

Explanation: The poet tells us that John's mother received a letter from her son which made her feel happy and proud. She showed that letter to everybody in her neighbourhood and boasted of her son's glory in the uniform. She wished that all her acquaintances should come to know that her dream to see her son at the battlefield is fulfilled. She criticized those who considered wars as obsolete and old-fashioned. She believed in the heroic concept of War.

Oh! Good old-fashioned war!

Then the letters ceased to come, for a long time they did not come

They ceased to come for about ten months or more

Then a letter finally came saying, “Go down and meet the train

Your son’s a-coming home from the war”

Reference to the context: These lines have been extracted from Bob Dylan’s anti-war poem ‘John Brown’. Dylan presents an antimilitarist theme, the tale of an innocent sent off to war to fight on a foreign shore. The poem portrays the futility of wars. It was written in Dylan's protest song period. As a song, it was recorded for the first time in February 1963 at ' Broadside Records', New York City. 

In the above lines, the poet states that the mother did not receive any letter for ten months. After ten months she received a letter saying she should meet her son at the station.

Explanation: For a long time there was no interaction between John Brown and his mother. After a long span of ten months John's mother received the letter saying that she should go to the station to receive her son who was coming home from the battlefield. In her, over-excitement she did not notice that the letter was not from her son rather it was posted by somebody else.

She smiled and went right down, she looked everywhere around

But she could not see her soldier son in sight

But as all the people passed, she saw her son at last

When she did she could hardly believe her eyes

Reference to the context: These lines have been extracted from Bob Dylan’s anti-war poem ‘John Brown’. Dylan presents an antimilitarist theme, the tale of an innocent sent off to war to fight on a foreign shore. The poem portrays the futility of wars. It was written in Dylan's protest song period. As a song, it was recorded for the first time in February 1963 at ' Broadside Records', New York City. 

In the above lines, the poet states that the mother is over-excited to receive her son. She at once went to the station but could not believe what she saw there.

Explanation:    Without wasting any time she rushed to the station. She was impatiently waiting to see her son. She looked everywhere around but could not spot her son anywhere. When all the passengers had departed from the station she saw her son but could hardly believe her eyes.

Oh his face was all shot up and his hand was all blown off

And he wore a metal brace around his waist

He whispered kind of slow, in a voice she did not know

While she couldn’t even recognize his face!

Oh! Lord! Not even recognize his face

Reference to the context: These lines have been extracted from Bob Dylan’s anti-war poem ‘John Brown’. Dylan presents an antimilitarist theme, the tale of an innocent sent off to war to fight on a foreign shore. The poem portrays the futility of wars. It was written in Dylan's protest song period. As a song, it was recorded for the first time in February 1963 at ' Broadside Records', New York City. 

In the above lines, the poet states that the mother found her son in a pathetic state. He was all disfigured and could hardly speak. She could hardly recognize that he was her own son.

Explanation: John Brown's face is all shot up and one of his hands is blown off. He has undergone a lot of physical harm in the war. His arm is amputated and his face bears scars from bullet and grenade wounds. He wears a metal brace around his waist to support himself in walking. He seems to be lucky even to be alive after receiving such injuries in the battle. But his torment is not limited to physical harm. He has also undergone mental trauma. When he speaks his voice is slow and unrecognizable, even to his own mother. He was disfigured, not at all like her son she had sent to war.

“Oh tell me, my darling son, pray tell me what they done

How is it you come to be this way?”

He tried his best to talk but his mouth could hardly move

And the mother had to turn her face away

Reference to the context: These lines have been extracted from Bob Dylan’s anti-war poem ‘John Brown’. Dylan presents an antimilitarist theme, the tale of an innocent sent off to war to fight on a foreign shore. The poem portrays the futility of wars. It was written in Dylan's protest song period. As a song, it was recorded for the first time in February 1963 at ' Broadside Records', New York City. 

In the above lines, the poet states that the mother tried to find out what happened on the battlefield but John could hardly move his lips to speak to her. Various questions are posed by her to him.

Explanation: She laments at the fact that she could not even recognize his face. With immense sympathy, she asks him what had happened to him on the battlefield and how was he utterly disfigured. John could hardly move his lips to speak to her. So disfigured and repulsive was his face that even she, his mother, could not bear to look at him.

“Don’t you remember, Ma, when I went off to war

You thought it was the best thing I could do?

I was on the battleground, you were home . . . acting proud

You wasn’t there standing in my shoes”

Reference to the context: These lines have been extracted from Bob Dylan’s anti-war poem ‘John Brown’. Dylan presents an antimilitarist theme, the tale of an innocent sent off to war to fight on a foreign shore. The poem portrays the futility of wars. It was written in Dylan's protest song period. As a song, it was recorded for the first time in February 1963 at ' Broadside Records', New York City. 

In the above lines, John reminded her of how proudly she had sent him to the war. He wished she had been in his place to see the horrors of war.

Explanation: John reminded his mother, the time when he went to war and how she thought it was the best thing that had happened in his life. He said that while he was in the middle of the war, she was at home, feeling to be proud. He wished she should have been in his place to know what really battle and fighting was.

“Oh, and I thought when I was there, God, what am I doing here?

I’m a-tryin’ to kill somebody or die tryin’

But the thing that scared me most was when my enemy came close

And I saw that his face looked just like mine”

Oh! Lord! Just like mine!

Reference to the context: These lines have been extracted from Bob Dylan’s anti-war poem ‘John Brown’. Dylan presents an antimilitarist theme, the tale of an innocent sent off to war to fight on a foreign shore. The poem portrays the futility of wars. It was written in Dylan's protest song period. As a song, it was recorded for the first time in February 1963 at ' Broadside Records', New York City. 

In the above lines, John stated his dilemma that whether he was trying to kill someone or die doing so. During the encounter, he found the enemy Soldier similar to himself and thus he questioned the validity of war.

Explanation: On the battlefield, John wondered what he was doing killing somebody or by doing so. On looking on to his enemy soldier he was frightened as he found the enemy soldier resembled himself. It scared him and made him think in what way he was his enemy and why he should kill him. He questioned the validity of war.

“And I couldn’t help but think, through the thunder rolling and stink

That I was just a puppet in a play

And through the roar and smoke, this string is finally broke

And a cannonball blew my eyes away”

Reference to the context: These lines have been extracted from Bob Dylan’s antiwar poem ‘John Brown’. Dylan presents an antimilitarist theme, the tale of an innocent sent off to war to fight on a foreign shore. The poem portrays the futility of wars. It was written in Dylan's protest song period. As a song, it was recorded for the first time in February 1963 at ' Broadside Records', New York City. 

In the above lines, John Brown confesses that his dilemma comes to an end and realized they were both Puppets and the strings that pulled them were in the hands of someone far away. That very moment he was hit by a cannonball and lost his eyes.

Explanation: When John Brown saw the face of the opponent and found him a human being similar to him he realized that he was just a puppet in the play. All the soldiers on the battlefield are governed by their superiors without being aware of the reason for the battle. At that time in the loud noise and smoke amidst the war, he fails to play his role, and then only a cannonball hit and took his eyes away.

As he turned away to walk, his Ma was still in shock

At seein’ the metal brace that helped him stand

But as he turned to go, he called his mother close

And he dropped his medals down into her hand

 Reference to the context: These lines have been extracted from Bob Dylan’s anti war poem ‘John Brown’. Dylan presents an antimilitarist theme, the tale of an innocent sent off to war to fight on a foreign shore. The poem portrays the futility of wars. It was written in Dylan's protest song period. As a song, it was recorded for the first time in February 1963 at ' Broadside Records', New York City. 

In the concluding stanza, the main theme of the poem is portrayed that wars are futile and various soldiers are mercilessly killed and become victims of war. 

Explanation: Leaving his mother in a state of shock John turned away to walk. She persistently stared at the metal brace around his waist, that was with the help of which he could stand straight. At that moment he called his mother to come closer.  As she came closer he dropped his medals down into her hand. Those metals were an emblem of so-called glory won in the war. But an exorbitant price was paid to achieve it. Thus the poet criticizes war and its romanticization.

THE VILLAGE BLACKSMITH

 

THE VILLAGE BLACKSMITH

 

Under a spreading chestnut-tree
The village smithy stands;
The smith, a mighty man is he,
With large and sinewy hands;
And the muscles of his brawny arms
Are strong as iron bands.

Meaning and Details: These lines mean what you are seeing in the lines. The poet talks about a person, the blacksmith of course, who is strong and he is standing under the chestnut tree. His hands are stronger than usual and the poet uses a simile to compare his hands to iron bands in the last line.

His hair is crisp, and black, and long,
His face is like the tan;
His brow is wet with honest sweat,
He earns whate’er he can,
And looks the whole world in the face,
For he owes not any man.

Meaning and Details: In the second stanza, Longfellow gives us a further description of the person (blacksmith). He tells us that the blacksmith has long, black and crisp hairs. The next thing is his face which is tan (brownish). After the first two lines, the next four lines are very important with respect to the meanings and connotations. The blacksmith’s brow is wet with ‘honest sweat’ and he earns only what he can. The poet is hinting at the ‘honesty’ and ‘satisfaction’ of the blacksmith. He does not borrow from anyone because he earns as per his capacity and does not demand more. He is not greedy! And a person who does not owe to anyone can live a life happy and glee! The expression ‘looks the whole world in the face’ means to tell the readers that a person who is honest, not greedy and does not borrow unnecessarily (or not at all) can be equal with everyone in the terms of treatment. He won’t need to flatter someone!

Week in, week out, from morn till night,
You can hear his bellows blow;
You can hear him swing his heavy sledge,
With measured beat and slow,
Like a sexton ringing the village bell,
When the evening sun is low.

Meaning and Details: These lines are all praise for the blacksmith’s labour that he does from the morning to the evening until the sun sets. The sounds of his sledge sound like the village bell. A person can always hear his bellows (the set-up to heat the iron to be able to forge it). And this goes on every day…

And children coming home from school
Look in at the open door;
They love to see the flaming forge,
And hear the bellows roar,
And catch the burning sparks that fly
Like chaff from a threshing-floor.

Meaning and Details: In this stanza, Longfellow tells the readers about the school children who (out of curiosity and admiration) love to see the blacksmith’s work through the door which remains open. Children love to see the bellows which produce sounds like roaring. Children also love to see the sparks which keep flying and produce a scene like the flying husks during the threshing procedure.

He goes on Sunday to the church,
And sits among his boys;
He hears the parson pray and preach,
He hears his daughter’s voice,
Singing in the village choir,
And it makes his heart rejoice.

Meaning and Details: In this stanza, the poet is relaxed and he is telling us about the soft side in the heart of this strong blacksmith who goes to attend the church every Sunday with his family. The blacksmith hears carefully the preacher’s message; he listens to the prayer with joy and also loves to listen to his daughter’s voice who plays in the village choir. And all this Sunday episode, the poet says, makes the blacksmith happy and satisfied!

It sounds to him like her mother’s voice,
Singing in Paradise!
He needs must think of her once more,
How in the grave she lies;
And with his hard, rough hand he wipes
A tear out of his eyes.

Meaning and Details: The poet continues the stanza from where he left off in the last one. Longfellow tells us that the Blacksmith feels that the voice of his daughter is just like her mother – his wife (who has died) as if she is singing in the heaven. The blacksmith thinks about his wife in the grave and tears flow out of his eyes. He wipes the tears with his ‘hard and rough’ hands. In these lines, the poet seems to suggest that the outlook of the blacksmith is hardened but he owns a soft heart which has emotions!

Toiling,–rejoicing,–sorrowing,
Onward through life he goes;
Each morning sees some task begin,
Each evening sees it close
Something attempted, something done,
Has earned a night’s repose.

Meaning and Details: This stanza and the last one after it are very important. As I told earlier, Longfellow is a person who is a poet as well as a preacher who always tends to tell us the right path to go ahead. The blacksmith becomes his vehicle in this poem to tell us what should be the ‘structure’ of a happy and satisfied life. The blacksmith spends his life working hard, being happy and being sad at times. He keeps moving ahead in his life as each morning he starts something new and ends it with the evening. Every day he works and every night he rests fully. The hard work he does in the morning gives him the sleep of calm in the night. The blacksmith, to the poet, is an ideal person!

Thanks, thanks to thee, my worthy friend,
For the lesson thou hast taught!
Thus at the flaming forge of life
Our fortunes must be wrought;
Thus on its sounding anvil shaped
Each burning deed and thought.

Meaning and Details: And this is the last stanza of the poem which by all means is the most important one. The poet thanks the blacksmith for the ‘lesson’ that he has taught to the poet (and then the poet taught to the readers). Longfellow tells that we should also learn the lesson of hard work from the village blacksmith and never shy away from determination and labour which will eventually build our fortunes. This world is just like the anvil on which we have to shape our deeds and thoughts to make ourselves a better person day by day…

Conclusion: The poem The Village Blacksmith is a beautiful, purposeful, insightful and meaningful poem. It tells us about the life of a blacksmith who becomes the metaphor for a purposeful life. We must learn from him – his hard work and satisfaction. We can always make our lives happy; we can always make ourselves stronger!

 

The Barber of Bagdad

 

The Barber of Bagdad

SCENE -1

Rajor- a keen edged implement for shaving

Barber- one who dresses hair

Characters- actors and actress of a play

Courtiers-the members of the court of the caliph

Seated- sitting in

Laden- carrying a load

Dirhamas- coins of bagdad

Accept- receive

Watch- observe

Pack-saddle- the container to hold wood

Agreed- gave consent

Bargain- transaction

Joking- making a fun

Cheating- deceiving

Accusing- charging

Cheat- one who deceiving

Gesture-movement of the body and limb

Strike- hit

Hurriedly- quickly

Lamenting- wailing; expressing sorrow in crying

Pauses=stops

Justice- judgement

 

SCENE-II

begs- prays

begs leave- prays permission

grave- serious

injustice-wrong

immediately-without delay

tricked- played a trick upon

unfair- not fair; ugly

demanded- claimed

agreement- contract

forcibly- violently

threatened- gave warning of

strange-wonderful

tale-story

whisper- say something in a low voice

protection- saviour

certainly -positively

 

SCENE-III

Suppose- imagine

Experts- hopes

Wasting-spoiling

Argue-offer reasons

Surprise- astonishment

At once- presently

Consented- agreed

Insult- dishonour

 

SCENE-IV

Companion-friend

Flew into rage- become angry

Refuse- deny

Consequence-result

Lathers- foams with soap water

Beast- animal

Amid- in the middle of

Remember- recollect

Play tricks- deceive

Folk- people

Rushes- goes away quickly

 

QUESTION ANSWER

Q.1 How did Ali the Barber trick Hasan the wood cutter?

Ans. One day Hasan agreed to sell the wood on his donkey’s back to Ali for five dirhams. Hasan was a very simple man. He could not understand Ali’s tricks. He unloaded his donkey and then demanded his money from Ali. Ali then told him that he had not given all the wood on the donkey’s back. Pointing to the saddle he took it forcibly and then he gave Hasan five Dirhams. In this way Ali tricked Hasan.

Q. 2 Which remarks of Ali (in scene-I) show that he was a very proud man?

Ans. The following remarks of Ali in scene-I show that he was a very proud man:

(i)             ‘ I don’t buy wood from ordinary wood-cutters.”

(ii)          “ Well, I will show you who I am.”

Q. 3 “ The barber has law on his side.” Who said this and why did he say it?

Ans. The Caliph of Bagdad said this. He knew that Ali was right according to law. Ali could claim the pack-saddle as it was made of wood. The bargain was- “ all the wood on the donkey’s back.”

 

Q. 4 What did the Caliph whisper in Gusan’s ears? Say what you think must have been the words used by the Caliph on the occasion.

Ans. I think the  Caliph might have whispered the following words in Husan’s ears:

Go to Ali’s shop and make a bargain with him for shaving you and one of your friends from village. You must pay him the money in advance. Then get yourself shaved first. After this present your donkey for shaving. If Ali refuses to do so come to me for taking legal step. Go and do what I advise you.

 

Q.5 Why was Ali surprised at Husan’s behaviour on the occasion of the second visit?

Ans. When Hasan visited Ali’s shop the next time, he was in cheerful mood. He assured Ali that he had not come to talk on the pack-saddle. Moreover, he was ready to pay Ali two dirhmas as his fee for shaving him and his friend in advance. Ali these things made Ali surprised.

 

Q. 6 Why did Ali fly into a ragae?

Ans Ali flew into a rage when Hasan brought his donkey before him and requested him it shave it. Hasan also told him that the donkey was his friend.

Q.7 How was Ali compelled to shave the donkey?

Ans. Ali forcibly took away the pack-saddle as it was a part of a load od wood on the donkey’s back. Pointing out this Hasan told Ali that the donkey could also be regarded as Hasan’ as friend. So Ali was compelled to shave the donkey on legal ground.

 

Q. 8 Describe the characters of (i) the barber (ii) the woodcutter (iii) the Caliph

Ans (i) The barber- Ali was a proud, rude and cunning barber.

(ii). The wood cutter- Hsan was a poor , honest and a coward woodcutter

(iii)        The Caliph- The Caliph of Bagadad was intelligent ,kind and just.